| BEHCET disease | - An occlusive vasculitis affecting the Silk Road populations — Turkey, Iran, Central Asia, Japan — associated with HLA-B51.
- The ocular hallmark is a recurrent, explosive, non-granulomatous panuveitis with a mobile, shifting hypopyon in a relatively white eye, and an occlusive retinal vasculitis affecting both arteries and veins.
- Systemic: recurrent oral and genital ulceration, erythema nodosum, pseudofolliculitis and a positive pathergy test.
- Blinding if untreated; requires early aggressive immunosuppression — azathioprine, ciclosporin, interferon alfa or infliximab — since steroid alone is inadequate
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| FUCHS heterochromic iridocyclitis | - A chronic, low-grade, unilateral iridocyclitis with a characteristically quiet, white eye and NO pain or redness.
- Diffuse stellate KPs over the whole endothelium; diffuse iris atrophy causing heterochromia (the affected iris the lighter); and, importantly, NO posterior synechiae.
- Complications: cataract (very common) and glaucoma.
- A filiform haemorrhage from the angle on paracentesis is AMSLER’S sign.
- Associated with rubella.
- Steroids are largely ineffective and should be avoided; cataract surgery does well
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| POSNER-schlossman syndrome | - Glaucomatocyclitic crisis — recurrent unilateral attacks of markedly raised pressure (40 to 60 mmHg) with minimal inflammation, a few fine KPs, a mid-dilated pupil and an open angle.
- Self-limiting, but recurrent attacks cause glaucomatous damage
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| Juvenile idiopathic arthritis | - Chronic, bilateral, non-granulomatous anterior uveitis in a white, painless, asymptomatic eye — so it is detected only by screening.
- Highest risk in young girls with pauciarticular disease who are ANA-positive.
- Complications: band keratopathy, cataract and glaucoma.
- Regular slit-lamp screening on a defined schedule is mandatory
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